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1.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 90(4): 398-405, Oct.-Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152813

ABSTRACT

Resumen Antecedentes y objetivos: El sistema de calificación APACHE II permite predecir la mortalidad intrahospitalaria en terapia intensiva. Sin embargo, no está validado para cirugía cardíaca, ya que no posee buena capacidad diferenciadora. El objetivo es determinar el valor pronóstico de APACHE II en el postoperatorio de procedimientos cardíacos. Materiales y métodos: Se analizó en forma retrospectiva la base de cirugía cardíaca. Se incluyó a pacientes intervenidos entre 2017 y 2018, de los cuales se calculó la puntuación APACHE II. Se utilizó curva ROC para determinar el mejor valor de corte. El punto final primario fue mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Como puntos finales secundarios se evaluó la incidencia de bajo gasto cardíaco (BGC), accidente cerebrovascular (ACV), sangrado quirúrgico y necesidad de diálisis. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logístico multivariado para ajustar a las variables de interés. Resultados: Se analizó a 559 pacientes. La media del sistema de calificación APACHE II fue de 9.9 (DE 4). La prevalencia de mortalidad intrahospitalaria global fue de 6.1%. El mejor valor de corte de la calificación para predecir mortalidad fue de 12, con un área bajo la curva ROC de 0.92. Los pacientes con APACHE II ≥ 12 tuvieron significativamente mayor mortalidad, incidencia de BGC, ACV, sangrado quirúrgico y necesidad de diálisis. En un modelo multivariado, el sistema APACHE II se relacionó de modo independiente con mayor tasa de mortalidad intrahospitalaria (OR, 1.14; IC95%, 1.08-1.21; p < 0.0001). Conclusiones: El sistema de clasificación APACHE II demostró ser un predictor independiente de mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes que cursan el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca.


Abstract Background and objectives: The APACHE II score allows predicting in-hospital mortality in patients admitted to intensive care units. However, it is not validated for patients undergoing cardiac surgery, since it does not have a good discriminatory capacity in this clinical scenario. The aim of this study is to determine prognostic value of APACHE II score in postoperative of cardiac surgery. Materials and methods: The study was performed using the cardiac surgery database. Patients undergoing surgery between 2017 and 2018, with APACHE II score calculated at the admission, were included. The ROC curve was used to determine a cut-off value The primary endpoint was in-hospital death. Secondary endpoints included low cardiac output (LCO), stroke, surgical bleeding, and dialysis requirement. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed to adjust to various variables of interest. Results: The study evaluated 559 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The mean of APACHE II Score was 9.9 (SD 4). The prevalence of in-hospital death was 6.1%. The best prognostic cut-off value for the primary endpoint was 12, with a ROC curve of 0.92. Patients with an APACHE II score greater than or equal to 12 had significantly higher mortality, higher incidence of LCO, stroke, surgical bleeding and dialysis requirement. In a multivariate logistic regression model, the APACHE II score was independently associated with higher in-hospital death (OR, 1.14; 95CI%, 1.08-1.21; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The APACHE II Score proved to be an independent predictor of in-hospital death in patients undergoing postoperative cardiac surgery, with a high capacity for discrimination.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Hospital Mortality , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Prognosis , Cardiac Output, Low/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Blood Loss, Surgical/statistics & numerical data , Renal Dialysis/statistics & numerical data , APACHE , Stroke/epidemiology , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/mortality
2.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 90(4): 490-497, Oct.-Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152824

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Overweight and obesity (O/O) generate lipotoxicity of the cardiac fiber and increase the incidence and progression of aortic valve stenosis. The low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a timing complication after to aortic valve replacement (AVR) surgery. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate if body mass index (BMI) kg/m2 is a risk factor associated with LCOS and mortality in the post-operative period of AVR. Methods: A historic cohort study was designed, including patients with severe aortic stenosis (SAS), who were subjected to AVR. Results: 152 patients were included, 45 (29.6%), with normal weight (NW), 60 were overweight (39.5%), and 47 obese (30.9%). The prevalence of systemic hypertension (HT) was higher in O/O (p < 0.0001). Incidence of LCOS was 44.7%, being more frequent in the O/O groups compared to the NW group, 43.3%, 68.1%, and 22.2%, respectively, (p < 0.05 in overweight and p < 0.0001 in the obese). Assessing the presence or absence of LCOS associated with BMI as a numerical variable, we found that women, HT, BMI, left ventricular mass, and valve size, were associated with LCOS (p < 0.02, p < 0.02, p < 0.001, p < 0.032, and p < 0.045, respectively). Mortality was higher in patients who had LCOS (p < 0.02). Multivariate model showed that BMI was an independent risk factor for LCOS (odds ratio [OR] 1.21 [95% CI 1.08-1.35], p < 0.001). Conclusion: BMI is a risk factor associated to LCOS in the post-operative period of AVR in patients with SAS.


Resumen Antecedentes: El sobrepeso y la obesidad (O/O) generan lipotoxicidad de la fibra cardíaca y aumentan la incidencia y progresión de la estenosis de la válvula aórtica. El síndrome de bajo gasto cardíaco (SBGC) es una complicación postquirúrgica de la cirugía de reemplazo de válvula aórtica (RVA). Objetivo: Investigar si el índice de masa corporal kg/m2 (IMC) es un factor de riesgo asociado con SBGC y mortalidad en el postoperatorio de RVA. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio de cohorte histórico, que incluyó pacientes con estenosis aórtica importante (EAI), que fueron sometidos a RVA. Resultados: Se incluyeron 152 pacientes, 45 (29.6%), con peso normal (N), 60 tenían sobrepeso (39.5%) y 47 obesos (30.9%). La prevalencia de hipertensión sistémica (HT) fue mayor en O/O (p < 0.0001). La incidencia de SBGC fue del 44.7%, siendo más frecuente en los grupos O/O en comparación con el grupo N, 43.3%, 68.1%, 22.2% respectivamente, (p < 0.05 en sobrepeso y p < 0.0001 en obesos). Al evaluar la presencia o ausencia de SBGC asociado con el IMC como una variable numérica, encontramos que las mujeres, HT, IMC, masa ventricular izquierda y tamaño de la válvula, se asociaron con SBGC (p < 0.02, p < 0.02, p < 0.001, p < 0.032, p < 0.045, respectivamente). La mortalidad fue mayor en pacientes con SBGC (p < 0.02). El modelo multivariado mostró que el IMC fue un factor de riesgo independiente asociado a SBGC [OR 1.21 (IC 95% 1.08-1.35), p < 0.001]. Conclusión: El IMC es un factor de riesgo asociado a SBGC en el postoperatorio de RVA en pacientes con EAI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Cardiac Output, Low/epidemiology , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Cardiac Output, Low/etiology , Cardiac Output, Low/mortality , Body Mass Index , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Overweight/complications , Ideal Body Weight , Obesity/complications
3.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 27(2): 217-223, abr.-jun. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-649597

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a serious complication after cardiac surgery and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for LCOS in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the Division of Cardiovascular Surgery of Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco - PROCAPE (Recife, PE, Brazil). METHODS: A historical prospective study comprising 605 consecutive patients operated between May 2007 and December 2010. We evaluated 12 preoperative and 7 intraoperative variables. We applied univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The incidence of LCOS was 14.7% (n = 89), with a lethality rate of 52.8% (n = 47). In multivariate analysis by logistic regression, four variables remained as independent risk factors: age > 60 years (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.20 to 6.14, P = 0.009), on-pump CABG (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.40 to 7.08, P = 0.006), emergency surgery (OR 4.71, 95% CI 1.34 to 26.55, P = 0.028), incomplete revascularization (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.32 to 5.86, P = 0.003), and ejection fraction <50%. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the following independent risk factors for LCOS after CABG: age> 60 years of off-pump CABG, emergency surgery, incomplete CABG and ejection fraction <50%.


OBJETIVOS: A síndrome de baixo débito cardíaco (SBDC) é uma complicação grave após cirurgias cardíacas, estando associada à significativa morbidade e mortalidade. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar fatores de risco para SBDC em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM), na Divisão de Cirurgia Cardiovascular do Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco - PROCAPE (Recife, PE, Brasil). MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo histórico compreendendo 605 pacientes consecutivos operados entre maio de 2007 e dezembro de 2010. Avaliaram-se 12 variáveis pré-operatórias e sete variáveis intraoperatórias. Aplicaram-se análises univariada e multivariada por regressão logística. RESULTADOS: A incidência de SBDC foi de 14,7% (n = 89), com taxa de letalidade de 52,8% (n = 47). Na análise multivariada por regressão logística, quatro variáveis permaneceram como fatores de risco independentes: idade > 60 anos (OR 2.00, IC 95% 1,20 a 6,14, P = 0,009), CRM com circulação extracorpórea (OR 2,16, IC 95% 1,40 a 7,08, P = 0,006), cirurgia de emergência (OR 4,71, IC 95% 1,34 a 26,55, P = 0,028), CRM incompleta (OR 2,62, IC 95% 1,32 a 5,86, P = 0,003) e fração de ejeção < 50% (OR 1,87, IC 95% 1,17 a 3,98, P = 0,007). CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo identificou os seguintes fatores de risco independentes para SBDC após CRM: idade > 60 anos, CRM com CEC, cirurgia de emergência, CRM incompleta e fração de ejeção < 50%.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiac Output, Low/etiology , Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects , Brazil/epidemiology , Cardiac Output, Low/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Length of Stay , Postoperative Complications , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Stroke Volume/physiology
4.
Clinics ; 66(2): 239-244, 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-581508

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of low cardiac output and mortality in decompensated heart failure. INTRODUCTION: Introduction: Patients with decompensated heart failure have a high mortality rate, especially those patients with low cardiac output. However, this clinical presentation is uncommon, and its management is controversial. METHODS: We studied a cohort of 452 patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure with an ejection fraction of <0.45. Patients underwent clinical-hemodynamic assessment and Chagas disease immunoenzymatic assay. Low cardiac output was defined according to L and C clinical-hemodynamic profiles. Multivariate analyses assessed clinical outcomes. P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean age was 60.1 years; 245 (54.2 percent) patients were >60 years, and 64.6 percent were men. Low cardiac output was present in 281 (63 percent) patients on admission. Chagas disease was the cause of heart failure in 92 (20.4 percent) patients who had higher B type natriuretic peptide levels (1,978.38 vs. 1,697.64 pg/mL; P = 0.015). Predictors of low cardiac output were Chagas disease (RR: 3.655, P<0.001), lower ejection fraction (RR: 2.414, P<0.001), hyponatremia (RR: 1.618, P = 0.036), and renal dysfunction (RR: 1.916, P = 0.007). Elderly patients were inversely associated with low cardiac output (RR: 0.436, P = 0.001). Predictors of mortality were Chagas disease (RR: 2.286, P<0.001), ischemic etiology (RR: 1.449, P = 0.035), and low cardiac output (RR: 1.419, P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS: In severe decompensated heart failure, predictors of low cardiac output are Chagas disease, lower ejection fraction, hyponatremia, and renal dysfunction. Additionally, Chagas disease patients have higher B type natriuretic peptide levels and a worse prognosis independent of lower ejection fraction.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiac Output, Low/etiology , Chagas Disease/complications , Heart Failure/mortality , Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood , Stroke Volume/physiology , Cardiac Output, Low/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Hyponatremia/complications , Kidney Diseases/complications , Reference Values , Risk Factors
5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 59(6): 787-92, 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-253542

ABSTRACT

La insuficiencia cardíaca es una entidad clínica con alta prevalencia e incidencia que conlleva una elevada morbi-mortalidad, generando costos elevados en los sistemas de salud. Con el objetivo de establecer la importancia del problema en nuestro país analizamos: 1) la base de datos del Programa Nacional de Estadísticas de Salud del Ministerio de Salud y Acción Social durante el período 1980-1997, y 2) los registros de dos encuestas nacionales sobre insuficiencia cardíaca hechas por la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia y el Consejo Argentino de Residentes de Cardiologia. Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en nuestro país, siendo la insuficiencia cardíaca la primera entidad responsible, situación que se ha mantenido estable durante los últimos 20 años. Desde 1980 a 1997 se registró una progresiva reducción del 31 por ciento de la tasa de mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares. Desde 1990 a 1997 la declinación de la mortalidad por insuficiencia cardíaca alcanzó el 22.4 por ciento. Corregida por edad y sexo observamos un incremento sostenido en la tasa de mortalidad en grupos de edad avanzada, más manifesto a partir de los 65 años. Registros de egresos hospitalarios demuestran que las entidades cardiovasculares más frecuentes fueron la insuficiencia cardíaca y la enfermedad cerebrovascular. De las encuestas nacionales sobre insuficiencia cardíaca surge una elevada prevalencia de hipertensión arterial como enfermedad asociada y el abandono de la medicación y transgresiones dietéticas como factores desencadenanates, así como una tendencia hacia mayor prescripción de fármacos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiac Output, Low/epidemiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Cardiac Output, Low/mortality , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Cause of Death , Health Surveys , Registries
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